低碳能源实验室学术讲座
演讲题目："Geological Storage as a Carbon Mitigation Option"——2008 Henry Darcy Distinguished Lecturer
演 讲 人：Michael Celia教授，普林斯顿大学土木与环境工程系主任
时    间：2008年6月23日（星期一）晚6：00-7：30
地    点：舜德楼南侧4层清华BP中心会议室
联系电话/联络人：62796169/田瑛

演讲内容简介
"Geological Storage as a Carbon Mitigation Option" is the title of Celia's Darcy Lecture. Anthropogenic emissions of CO2 have increased atmospheric concentration of CO2 by about 35 percent during the past 200 years. The current concentration, at about 385 ppm, represents the highest CO2 concentration in the last 500,000 years. Projected future emissions will lead to doubling of preindustrial CO2 concentration within the next 50 years. If this relentless increase of atmospheric CO2 is to be reduced, or reversed, technological solutions must be implemented on a massive scale. While many options are being considered, one attractive approach is carbon capture and storage, or CCS.
 
The "geological storage" version of CCS involves capture of CO2 before it is emitted into the atmosphere and subsequent injection of the CO2 into deep geological formations. Injection of CO2 into deep formations leads to a multiphase flow problem that may involve important mass exchange between phases, nonisothermal effects, and complex geochemical reactions. In addition, because enormous quantities of CO2 must be injected to have any significant impact on the atmospheric carbon problem, the spatial scale of the problem becomes very large.
 
Broad questions involving the fate of the injected CO2, including possible leakage of CO2 out of the formation, as well as the fate of displaced fluids like resident brines, lead to very challenging modeling and analysis problems. Because important leakage pathways can be very localized, and their properties can be highly uncertain, an overall analysis of the system requires resolution of multiple length scales in the context of a probabilistic approach. These requirements render standard numerical simulators ineffective due to excessive computational demands. A series of simplifying assumptions may be proposed to provide more efficient numerical calculations, even to the point of allowing for analytical or semianalytical solutions. Such simplifications, while restrictive in their assumptions, allow for large-scale analysis of leakage in a probabilistic framework while capturing much of the essential physics of the problem. Example calculations illustrate the utility of these methods, and show the current state of leakage estimation. They also lead to a proposal for specific field experiments that can reduce the uncertainty associated with potential leakage pathways.

NGWREF Darcy Lecture Series
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Henry Darcy
To foster interest and excellence in ground water science and technology, the Henry Darcy Distinguished Lecture Series in Ground Water Science was established in 1986. The series—which has reached more than 70,000 ground water students, faculty members, and professionals—honors Henry Darcy of France for his scientific discoveries of 1856. Darcy's investigations established the physical basis upon which ground water hydrogeology has been studied ever since.
 
Annually, a panel of scientists and engineers invites an outstanding ground water professional to share his or her work with their peers and students. Today, the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation sponsors the Henry Darcy Distinguished Lecture Series in Ground Water Science in response to invitations from universities throughout the world. No fee is charged to attend the NGWREF Darcy Lecture Series. The first presentation outside of North America was made in 1993.