学术活动发布与订制系统

International shipping contributes about 0.5% to 3.5% to the global sulfur emission. It is well known that sulfate particles in the atmosphere not only can modulate Earth’s radiation budget but also sever as cloud and ice nuclei. The preliminary model results show that the shipping emissions can increase the total cloud water path and the droplet number concentration by about 50% and more than 100% in the regions of frequent shipping tracks (i.e. in the northern Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean), respectively. The cloud shortwave radiative forcing due to shipping emissions is much larger than the direct shortwave radiative forcing. Preliminary results regarding the climate response to shipping emissions mainly through aerosol indirect effects will also be discussed.

Dust aerosols play an important role in the climate system by modulating energy budget and hydrological cycle as well as ocean biogeochemical cycle.I will discuss：1）the springtime dust activity in Syria controlled by a remote forcing, the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), and 2）how droughts may intensify dust activity in the United States in the late 21^st century based on observations and climate model output.This study found that changes of dust activity in the U.S. are largely associated with the variations of precipitation, bareness, and surface wind speed. Using satellite observation and multi-model output we project that under the Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 scenario dust activity will increase in the southern Great Plains from spring to fall in the late half of the 21^st century but will decrease in the northern Great Plains in spring.