简介: |
We study the coherent and dissipative aspects of a driven spin-1
?Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) when the Zeeman energy is modulated
?around a static bias value. Resonances appearing when the bias energy
?matches an integer number of modulation quanta constitute the atomic
?counterpart of Shapiro resonances observed in microwave-driven
?superconducting Josephson junctions. The population dynamics near
each ?resonance corresponds to slow and non-linear secular
oscillations on ?top of a rapid “micro-motion”. At long times and in
a narrow window of ?modulation frequencies around each resonance, we
observe a relaxation ?to asymptotic states that are unstable without
drive. These stationary ?states correspond to phase-locked solutions
of the Josephson equations ?generalized to include dissipation, and
are analogous to the ?stationary states of driven superconducting
junctions. We find that ?dissipation is essential to understand this
long-time behavior, and we ?propose a phenomenological model to
explain quantitatively the ?experimental results. Finally, we
demonstrate hysteresis in the ?asymptotic state of the driven spinor
BEC when sweeping the modulation ?frequency across a Shapiro
resonance.
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