主持人：宝音贺西教授

简介: The Exploration of Asteroids: From Sample Returns to Planetary Defense

报告摘要：

Asteroids are the remnants of the building blocks that formed planets and because they contain the record of the original composition of the nebula in which planets formed, they are the best tracers of our Solar System history. They also represent a natural risk, which is the least likely one although with big consequences, and which we can possibly mitigate. They can also represent interesting resources for further exploration of our Solar System. We are currently living a fabulous period with two sample return missions that visit two different carbon-rich asteroids, namely Hayabusa2 from JAXA who just left the asteroid Ryugu to come back to Earth with samples in December 2020, and OSIRIS-REx from NASA that is currently orbiting the asteroid Bennu to collect samples in summer 2020 and return to Earth in 2023. Both missions turned on our head our understanding of these small bodies, as all asteroid missions so far. On the European side, the mission Hera was just approved by the Ministerial Council of the European Space Agency. Hera, with the NASA DART mission, will perform the first deflection test of an asteroid using the kinetic impactor technique in 2022. Hera will rendezvous for the first time with a binary asteroid, and perform the first direct probing of an asteroid internal structure in early 2027 with a Cubesat. Being involved in both Hayabusa2 and ORISIS-REx, and leading the Hera mission, Dr. Michel will first recall why we study asteroids, then will present the major discoveries made by the first two missions and the complex operations that were done with success. And he will finally present the Hera and DART missions and how they can allow us to validate the kinetic impactor technique to deflect an asteroid.

报告人简介：

Michel Patrick is the leader of the team Theory and Observations in Planetology (TOP) of the Lagrange Laboratory of the Côte d'Azur Observatory. He is PI of the ESA Hera mission, Co-PI of the CNES-DLR rover and Co-I of the sample return space mission Hayabusa2 (JAXA). He coordinates the France and Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur of the International Network for Planetary Sciences selected by the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Core-to-Core Program 2016-2021. He has edited a book, “Asteroids Ⅳ”. He serves as the Chair of the Working Group on Near-Earth Objects of the International Astronomical Union. He contributes to the study of the specific population of the Near-Earth Asteroids (NEAs), their origin, their evolution, their impact probability with the Earth. He is a member of the Action Team 14 on Near-Earth Objects at the Committee of Peaceful Use of Outer Space (COPUOS) of the United Nations (UN), a member of the Steering Committee of the International Asteroid Warning Network and of the consortium NEOShield-2 funded by the European Commission.