Basal network excitability and recurrent connectivity in the cerebral
cortical network allows neuronal firing that reverberates in the
circuit, resulting in an emergent network activity. During slow-save
sleep and anesthesia, this activity is organized in the cerebral
cortex network in a slow (< 1Hz) rhythmic pattern consisting of
interspersed up (or activated) and down (or silent) states. A very
similar activity emerges from cortical slices, as far as certain level
of excitability allows spontaneous firing (Sanchez-Vives and
McCormick, Nat Neurosci 3:1027, 2000). Further, local activity is
spontaneously syncronized in fast, beta and gamma rhythms, during up
states both in vivo (Steriade et al., J Neurosci 16: 392, 1996 ) and
in cortical slices (Compte et al., J Neurosci 28: 13828, 2008).
In this talk I will discuss first the cellular and network mechanisms
that determine the generation and propagation of cortical rhythmic
activity. An emphasis will be made on the cortical excitatory /
inhibitory balance and how progressive alterations of this balance
induces parametric alterations of rhythmicity. Second, the impact of
up or activated states on synaptic transmission and plasticity will be
presented. This is a relevant issue since it provides information on
information processing during the awake state. (Website:
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