Tremendous effort has been made in the research of nanomaterials and nanotechnology. The author’s group has been conducting nano-research from 1993. This talk will briefly introduce the research on nanostructured composite coatings, transition metal oxide films, surface/interface nanostructures, and their functional properties. Various processes have been used to synthesise nanomaterials. Special physical and chemical properties have been obtained by microstructure and composition control. The emphasis is put in their industrial applications including energy harvest, light emission, bio-sensing, Raman signal enhancement, and environmental cleaning..